Vehicles and heavy equipment should always be kept clear of the scaffold base. The supporting rope between the scaffold and the suspension device shall be kept vertical unless all of the following conditions are met: The rigging has been designed by a qualified person, and, The scaffold is accessible to rescuers, and, The supporting rope is protected to ensure that it will not chafe at any point where a change in direction occurs, and. When dismantling a scaffold, all work should be conducted: Tube and coupler scaffolds over 125 feet high must be designed by: What type of scaffold other than the tube and coupler scaffold is ideal for use around complex structures? Where wooden poles are spliced, the ends shall be squared and the upper section shall rest squarely on the lower section. Safety nets must be strong enough to support workers who fall, and must: Have small enough mesh openings that employee doesnt fall through net itself. The two steps for avoiding hazards that are always taken before the need for PPE is considered are: The three main scaffold types are aerial lifts, supported scaffolds and: Because using cranes or derricks to hoist personnel poses a serious risk to the employees being lifted, any cranes and derricks that hoist personnel must: Be placed on a firm foundation and be uniformly level within 1 percent of level grade. In 1996, when OSHA issued the revised Scaffold Standard Bearers shall extend beyond the posts and runners, and shall provide full contact with the coupler. 10. D. Static electricity gathers outside the circuit. When horses are arranged in tiers, each horse shall be placed directly over the horse in the tier below. Runners shall be installed along the length of the scaffold, located on both the inside and outside posts at level heights (when tube and coupler guardrails and midrails are used on outside posts, they may be used in lieu of outside runners). Simple pretensioned beams and slabs of spans up to about 7 meters (23 feet): Can be demolished in a manner similar to ordinary reinforced concrete, True or False: Electrical detonators can be inadvertently triggered by stray RF (radio frequency) signals from two-way radios. D. Stop using the tool, A. 5% b. Scaffolding by UWM 1. SCAFFOLDS MUST BE ERECTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH DESIGN AND/OR MANUFACTURERS' RECOMMENDATIONS. 2. Scaffolds shall be braced by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, or combination thereof, to prevent racking or collapse of the scaffold and to secure vertical members together laterally so as to automatically square and align the vertical members. OSHA MODULE 5 Scaffolds The purpose of this survey is: determine the condition of the structure so that measures can be taken, if necessary, to prevent the premature collapse of any portion of the structure. The sheaves of all blocks shall fit the size of the rope used. Bearers shall extend a minimum of 3 inches (7.6 cm) over the outside edges of runners. Couplers shall be of a structural metal, such as drop-forged steel, malleable iron, or structural grade aluminum. Each has Suspension scaffold rigging must at least 6 times the intended load. Fixed Scaffolding Erection Scaffold must be erected, moved, or disassembled only by and under the supervision of qualied persons. Horizontally at each end and at 30 feet intervals measured from one end only. As an example, even in this day of steel and iron, scaffolds made from On scaffolds whose length is greater than their height, such bracing shall be repeated beginning at least at every fifth post. "Plasterers', decorators', and large area scaffolds." All planking must be Scaffold Grades, or equivalent, as recognized by approved grading rules for the species of wood used. Ensure the scaffold has not been compromised by snow or ice conditions. The use of gray cast iron is prohibited. Protect themselves by wearing the proper PPE Personnel hoisting platforms must be designed by: A qualified engineer, or another competent specialist qualified in structural design. Scaffolds shall be suspended from metal outriggers, brackets, wire rope slings, hooks, or means that meet equivalent criteria (e.g., strength, durability). Employees shall not be allowed to ride on scaffolds unless the following conditions exist: The surface on which the scaffold is being moved is within 3 degrees of level, and free of pits, holes, and obstructions; Outrigger frames, when used, are installed on both sides of the scaffold; When power systems are used, the propelling force is applied directly to the wheels, and does not produce a speed in excess of 1 foot per second (.3 mps); and. Access between levels is by timber or metal ladders, which are securely tied to the scaffold. potential hazards that employers and workers need to be aware of so they can take the Frequently used types of scaffolds include the D. All of the above. Activate your 30 day free trialto continue reading. You do not have access to www.concreteconstruction.net. True or False: There is usually some form of warning before a cave-in. An estimated 2.3 million construction workers, or 65 percent of the construction industry, Platform units shall be securely attached to the needle beams by bolts or equivalent means. The ropes shall be securely attached to the needle beams. That's one of the reasons why we need to keep it inspected - for safety sake! The support connection shall be arranged so as to prevent the needle beam from rolling or becoming displaced. A scaffold should always be erected: Choose one answer. Every scaffold must be erected by qualified technicians based on the information in the design drawings. A noise level of 95 dB is ______ than the lowest level at which hearing protection is required (85 dB), and your exposure should be limited to six hours or less. Some simple scaffolds are little more than planks and guardrails over two Your lines should be perfectly vertical (plumb) and horizontal (level), and your corners should be exactly 90 degrees (square). Correct scaffold erection is one of the key factors that ensure scaffold safety. Scaffolds shall not be constructed or arranged more than two tiers or 10 feet (3.0 m) in height, whichever is less. Each bearer shall be securely fastened to the platform. Scaffolds made of wood shall be reinforced with gussets on both sides of each corner. Select the equipment you need and place it near the work area. The three main scaffold types are aerial lifts, supported scaffolds and: A. Tubular scaffolds Make sure the scaffold is stable. fScaffolding A registered professional engineer must design and certify scaffolds: with wood poles and over 60 feet in height frame scaffolds over 125 feet in height outrigger scaffolds plus scaffold erections when intended loads exceed tube and coupler scaffold standard ratings USA (v. 2008) fTypes of Scaffolds USA (v. 2008) fSupported Scaffolds The ladder must extend 1 m (3 ft.) above the landing. It is used in construction work where the work cannot be done from the ground level. Platforms shall not be more than 36 inches (0.9 m) wide unless designed by a qualified person to prevent unstable conditions. The frames must be plumb and level and spaced to adequately support the loads. improper grounding of circuitry and equipment. 1. Resist penetration by objects and absorb the shock of a blow. If the hoist tower is not enclosed, the hoist platform or car must be totally enclosed on all sides for the full height between the floor and: The greatest hazards posed by hand tools result from: Power tools should never be carried by the cord or hose or be yanked from a receptacle by the cord or hose; and cords and hoses should be kept away from: Sharp, abrasive, pinching, or otherwise hazardous moving parts of power tools: Must have protective guard to prevent contact with workers. We've encountered a problem, please try again. 2. The SlideShare family just got bigger. Platforms shall be secured to the brackets in a manner that will prevent the separation of the platforms from the brackets and the movement of the platforms or the brackets on a completed scaffold. Wire ropes shall be continuous and without splices between anchors. Only employees need to demonstrate and practice safe manual lifting techniques. When only a part of the width of the metal scaffold frame conforms to ladder spacing, then these frames must be erected in a manner that makes a continuous ladder bottom to top, with ladder sides of the frames in a vertical line. Scaffolds shall be constructed in accordance with paragraphs (a), (b), or (c) of this section, as appropriate. In addition to the applicable requirements of 1926.451, the following requirements apply to the specific types of scaffolds indicated. Yet, because of the nature of where and how it is used, scaffolding can present many potential hazards. When the bearers are coupled to the runners, the couplers shall be as close to the posts as possible. Scaffold brackets shall be constructed to fit the pitch of the roof and shall provide a level support for the platform. (Do not use insulating Styrofoam cups.) The scaffold should be plumb, level and square. If the use of a power tool can result in flying sparks, metal shavings, wood chips, splashes, or other debris, workers should: Any man-made cavity, depression, trench or cut in the earths surface formed by earth removal. In this article, Civil Engineer and Construction Safety Expert, Robert J. O'Connor discusses the anatomy of a baker scaffold, proper assembly, common hazards and relevant safety standards. Pre-Planning & Inspection Introduction Scaffolding is a precise structure. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. Materials being hoisted onto a scaffold must scaffold falls, 4,500 injuries and 50 deaths from scaffold-related accidents would be Runners must: Extend over two poles at minimum. The mission of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is: A. Landings for the stair access are assembled within the 1.27m square bays at each end of the stair stringer bays using cuplock 1.27m . What the percentage of the construction industry that work on scaffold, Most scaffolds at jobsites are made of what type of material, What are the most frequently used types of scaffolds, The first step in building a scaffold includes a site inspection to do identify what. The cross braces shall be of such length as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, level, and square. Poles shall be secured to the structure by rigid triangular bracing or equivalent at the bottom, top, and other points as necessary. Be placed on a firm foundation and be uniformly level within 1 percent of level grade Place the planks. The four lifting principles that govern a cranes mobility and safety during lifting operations are: Center of gravity, leverage, stability and structural integrity. We need to follow scaffolding safety procedures. Ensure the surface on which the scaffold will be erected is firm, level and capable of The bottom runners and bearers shall be located as close to the base as possible. sawhorses; others are much more complex, such as the scaffolds erected hundreds of when do Falls from scaffolds most likely occur, Guards rails must have a minimum height of _______and they must be installed where, 38 inches and along the open sides and ends of a scaffold, Guardrails are not needed on the fromt ( building side) of the scaffold when, 1. the front end of all platforms is less than 14 inches from the face of the work C. Suspended scaffolds Transverse bracing forming an "X" across the width of the scaffold shall be installed at the scaffold ends and at least at every third set of posts horizontally (measured from only one end) and every fourth runner vertically. Approximately 75 percent of struck-by fatalities involve: It is preferable not to drive a vehicle in reverse if you have an obstructed rear view, but if you do, make sure: Workers are most at risk from falling objects when standing or working: To prevent injury from flying debris, use safety glasses, goggles, face shields, etc., where machines or tools may cause flying particles; and always inspect tools, such as saws and lathes, to ensure that: The protective guards are in good condition and firmly attached. Wire ropes shall not be tightened to the extent that the application of a scaffold load will overstress them. D. Armed robots. The use of safe lifting postures and timing what to do and when to do it can save lives. Scaffold 0c8be2a1 9996-490a-99c0-6ef40baed98a. Mechanical demolition refers to demolition using equipment like: A. Wrecking balls or jackhammers fold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," starting with the first bay because every degree that the scaffold is off level at the lower level is magnified as it is raised in height. (b) Tube and Coupler Scaffolds. The erection and dismantling of the scaffolds must be done based on the instructions set out in the design drawings. There are an estimated $90 million dollars lost because of . A scaffold is a temporary, elevated platform that construction workers use for working safely at elevations. The original scaffold layout is still feasible. Move the scaffold into your desired position, and make sure it is level and secure. All explosives must be accounted for at all times, and all not being used must be kept in a: OSHAs Hazard Communication Standard (HazCom) is designed to ensure that information about __________and associated protective measures is disseminated. B. A staging area is available. All ladders used to support ladder jack scaffolds shall meet the requirements of subpart X of this part -- Stairways and Ladders, except that job-made ladders shall not be used to support ladder jack scaffolds. There might be one pair of protective eyewear for your task or station, rather than individual eyewear for each employee. Never sit on, lean against, or step on a skylight lens or any covering placed over a hole in a roof or floor. Do not sell or share my personal information. Employers must provide a training program that teaches employees who might be exposed to fall hazards: How to recognize such hazards and how to minimize them. 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Extend a minimum of 3 inches ( 7.6 cm ) over the outside edges of runners tightened the! Choose one answer each horse shall be squared a scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level because the upper section shall rest squarely on the information in tier! Bracing or equivalent at the bottom, top, and other points as necessary arranged... Sure it is used for renovations, construction, maintenance, installations and... Than individual eyewear for each employee safety sake usually some form of warning before a.! Fit the size of the key factors that ensure scaffold safety 36 inches ( m... Needle beam from rolling or becoming displaced by objects and absorb the of...
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